“Determinants of uncontrolled hypertension Among Adult Hypertensive Patients on Follow-Up at Ambo University referral hospital, West Shewa, Ethiopia, 2024‟‟

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease represents a significant burden of morbidity and mortality, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To practice prevention measures, there is a lack of information about the exact level of utilization of statins among these patients, particularly in this study area. Objective: To assess statin utilization for primary prevention of CVD in patients with type 2 DM who are aged 40 and older and have follow-up at Ambo public hospitals. Methods and materials: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted based on data collected using a structured questionnaire, face-to-face interviews, and measurements of body mass index from November 1, 2024, to February 30, 2025. Data was entered, cleared, and analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Descriptive statistics, binary, and multivariate logistic regressions are used, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: A total of 241 patients aged 40 years and older with T2DM participated in this study; the level of statin utilization was 75.5%. All of the patients (100%) were taking atorvastatin. All respondents were on high and moderate intensity statins, with 82.4% and 17.6% receiving high and moderate intensity statins, respectively. This study‟s results showed that respondents with less than grade 12 education (AOR=11.71, 95% CI: 1.505-129.07), patients with current smoking (AOR=4.42, 95% CI: 1.07-18.24), a history of hypertension (AOR=6.005, 95% CI: 2.03-17.47), and low-density lipoprotein (AOR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.007-0.78) have an association with statin utilization. Conclusions: The magnitude of statin utilization was low, and all of the patients who were taking atorvastatin. The factors associated with statin utilization are educational status, hypertension history, and current smoking and low-density lipoprotein, which are significant predictors of statin utilization among T2DM patients.