Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease represents a significant burden of morbidity and mortality, particularly
among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To practice prevention measures, there is a lack
of information about the exact level of utilization of statins among these patients, particularly in
this study area.
Objective: To assess statin utilization for primary prevention of CVD in patients with type 2 DM
who are aged 40 and older and have follow-up at Ambo public hospitals.
Methods and materials: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted based on data
collected using a structured questionnaire, face-to-face interviews, and measurements of body
mass index from November 1, 2024, to February 30, 2025. Data was entered, cleared, and
analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Descriptive statistics, binary, and multivariate logistic
regressions are used, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: A total of 241 patients aged 40 years and older with T2DM participated in this study; the
level of statin utilization was 75.5%. All of the patients (100%) were taking atorvastatin. All
respondents were on high and moderate intensity statins, with 82.4% and 17.6% receiving high
and moderate intensity statins, respectively. This study‟s results showed that respondents with
less than grade 12 education (AOR=11.71, 95% CI: 1.505-129.07), patients with current smoking
(AOR=4.42, 95% CI: 1.07-18.24), a history of hypertension (AOR=6.005, 95% CI: 2.03-17.47),
and low-density lipoprotein (AOR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.007-0.78) have an association with statin
utilization.
Conclusions: The magnitude of statin utilization was low, and all of the patients who were taking
atorvastatin. The factors associated with statin utilization are educational status, hypertension
history, and current smoking and low-density lipoprotein, which are significant predictors of
statin utilization among T2DM patients.
