Abstract:
Background:-The coexistence of hypertension and diabetic mellitus is a worldwide public
health problem causing significant morbidity, mortality and decreased quality of life commonly
in developing countries including Ethiopia. Even though determinants of hypertension were
delved by some researchers in Ethiopia they failed to include many potential variables which
have significant effect on hypertension.so this study bridge this gap.
Objective: This study was aimed to identify determinants of hypertension among people with
diabetes attending chronic follow-up clinics in Ambo town public hospitals, West Shoa, Oromia,
Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 275 study
participants (137 cases and 138 controls) from May, 1 to June, 30, 2023, in Ambo town public
hospitals. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data
were collected by using adapted interviewer-administered questionnaires, physical
measurements, and data extraction checklist. Data were coded and entered into Epi-Data version
3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to
compute frequency, percentage and mean depending on the nature of variables. A bivariable
logistic regression analysis was done to select candidate variables at p-value < 0.25 for the final
model then multivariable logistic regression was used to identify variables having significant
association at p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval.
Results: A total of 275 diabetic individuals (137 cases and 138 controls) were included in this
study yielding a response rate of 98.9%. The mean age (± Standard deviation) for the controls
and cases were 44.18 (SD: ± 14.036) and 57.58 (SD: ± 11.934) respectively. Being in age group
41-60 years [AOR=8.575; 95 % CI: 2.25 – 32.66], having moderate stress [AOR = 6.00; 95 %
CI: 1.59 – 22.52], low medication adherence [AOR = 11.02; 95 % CI: 2.44 – 49.65], not having
regular physician visit [AOR= 2.8; 95% CI: 1.103 – 7.816], longer duration of diabetes [AOR=
4.93; 95% CI: 1.11 – 21.86] and poor glycemic control[AOR=3.44; 95% CI: (1.21 – 9.75] were
the significant determinants of hypertension among many in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: In this study, age, physical inactivity, stress, family history of hypertension, not
having regular visit, longer duration of diabetes, overweight, non-adherence to medication and
poor glycemic control were identified as determinants of hypertension in diabetes clients.
