Determinants Of Measles Second Dose Vaccine Defaulter Among Children Aged 18-24 Months In Ejere Woreda, West Shoa, Ethiopia,2023

Abstract

Background: The second dose of measles (MCV2) was established to immunize children who did not respond protectively to the first dose; as an added benefit, it provides a second opportunity for measles vaccination in the second year of life. However, outbreaks continue to occur despite the availability of safe and effective vaccinations. Objective: This research aimed to identify determinants of defaulting from completion of the second dose of measles vaccine among children aged 18-24 months in Ejere woreda, West Shoa, Oromia, from February 14 to April 6, 2023 Methods: Community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 446 children (110 cases and 336 controls) respondents in Ejere woreda, West shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia. Simple random sampling technique was used to choose the study subjects. A pretested, structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Epi data version 3.1 software was used to enter data and SPSS version 27 was used for the analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to find independent determinants. Variables with a p-value of < 0.25 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were entered into a multivariable analysis to find independent determinants. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI and a P-value of < 0.05 were used to identify the determinants of defaulting from MCV2. Results: A total of 110 cases and 336 controls respondents were included in the study. Absence of reminder given at postnatal(PNC) (AOR= 5.19; 95% CI: 2.34-7.83), Antenatal care(ANC) contact ≤2 (AOR = 4.95; 95% CI: 2.86-9.24), long facility waiting time for the vaccine (AOR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.19-4.38), caregiver no formal education (AOR = 6.46; 95% CI: 2.81-11.71), no awareness on second doses of measles (AOR = 8.37; 95% CI: 4.22-15.08), and not received ≥2 doses of vitamin “A” (AOR = 4.05; 95% CI: 2.15-8.11) were found to be determinants of defaulting from MCV2 Conclusion and Recommendations: Absence of reminder at PNC, ANC contact ≤2, long waiting time at the health facility, caregiver education, no awareness and not receiving≥2 doses of vitamin “A” were determinants of defaulting from MCV2. Emphasize raising awareness creation to educate mothers, create defaulter tracing and strengthen health facilities in routine vaccinations.