Determinants Of Defaulting From Completion Of The Second Dose Of Measles Among 18-24 Months Old Children In Gindeberet District, West Shoa, Ethiopia, 2022

Abstract

Background: The second dose of measles (MCV2) was established to immunize children who did not respond protectively to the first dose; as an added benefit, it provides a second opportunity for measles vaccination in the second year of life. However, outbreaks continue to occur despite the availability of safe and effective vaccinations. Objective: This research aimed to identify determinants of defaulting from completion of the second dose of measles among 18-24 months old children in Gindeberet district, West Shoa, Oromia, from January 6 to March 5, 2022 Methods: Community-based unmatched case-control study was performed among 654 children (218 cases and 436 controls). Before data collection, eligible caregivers in 11 selected subdistricts were surveyed to determine who received MCV2 in a routine national schedule from 15- 18months as (controls) and those who took the first dose only as (cases), and finally, a systematic sampling technique was used for both. Data were collected by using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Epi info version 7.2.2 software was used to enter data and SPSS version 26 was used. Variables with a p-value of < 0.05 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were entered into a multivariable analysis to find independent determinants. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI and a P-value of < 0.05 p-values were used to identify the determinants of defaulting from MCV2. Results: A total of 217 cases and 434 controls were included in the study. Absence of reminder given at postnatal(PNC) (AOR= 4.29, 95% CI: 2.34-7.83), Antenatal care(ANC) contact ≤2 (AOR = 5.14, 95% CI: 2.86-9.24), long facility waiting time for the vaccine (AOR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.19-4.38), caregiver education (AOR = 5.74, 95% CI: 2.81-11.71), no awareness on second doses of measles (AOR = 7.98, 95% CI: 4.22-15.08), not received penta3 (AOR = 4.08, 95% CI: 1.89-8.83), and not received ≥2 doses of vitamin “A” (AOR = 4.18, 95% CI: 2.15-8.11) were found to be determinants of defaulting from MCV2 Conclusion and Recommendations: Absence of reminder at PNC, ANC contact ≤2, long waiting time at the health facility, caregiver education, no awareness, not receiving penta3, and not receiving≥2 doses of vitamin “A” were determinants of defaulting from MCV2. Educate mothers, awareness creation, and strengthen and focus on timely routine vaccinations.