Phytochemical Screening, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Fruit Extract of Mimusops Kummel (Ishe) in Ethiopia

Abstract

Traditional medicine is used throughout the world as it is heavily dependent on locally available plant species and plant-based products and capitalizes on traditional wisdom-repository of knowledge. Medicinal plants constitute an extremely important resource for the development of the global pharmaceutical, cosmetics and fragrance industry. The supplementation of human diet with herbs, containing especially high amounts of compounds capable of deactivating free radicals, may have beneficial effects, throughout recorded history, spices and herbs have been used for flavoring foods and beverages and for medicinal purposes. In this study crude extract of Mimusops Kummel fruit was isolated by using 99% of n-hexane, chloroform and methanol solvents. The percent yield of crude extracts for n-hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts were 3.2%, 5.8%, and 8% respectively. The crude extracts were investigated for antibacterial screening by agar well diffusion method against three Gram negative (Klebsiella pneumonia, pseudomonas aeurginosa and Escherichia coli); one Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Antibacterial activity of each crude extract was tested. Methanol extract of mimusopes kummel fruit has great potency against antibacterial activity than n-hexane and chloroform extracts and methanol extract has good inhibition zone relative to gentamicin positive control/standard. Phytochemical analysis was determined for each crude extracts. Many phytochemicals were present in the fruit as it was checked by chemical test especially in methanol extract. Glycosides, Steroids, Tannin, Alkaloids, Flavonoid, Saponin, Quinones and Protein were present in methanol extract. The elucidation/structure determination of separated compound from Mimusops Kummel methanol extract was not possible due to poor spectroscopic information about the separated two major products. i.e the spectra of proton and carbon 13 NMR were less intense and in same range there were overlapped