Self Management and Its Associated Factors Among Adult People Living With Hiv Attending Antiretroviral Therapy At Public Health Institutions Of Ilu Aba Bor Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Effective self-management is important to manage HIV and had a central role to achieve optimal medication adherence. But evidence of self-management practice did not get attention among adult people living with HIV and attending antiretroviral therapy in resource constraint setting. Objectives: To assess self-management and associated factors among adult people attending antiretroviral therapy at public health institutions found in Ilu Aba Bor Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: An Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 358 adult people living with HIV attending antiretroviral therapy at public health institutions of Ilu Aba Bor Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia from August 1 to September 1, 2021. Data were collected using structured questionnaire of HIV self-management scale through face to face interview, and entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to statistical package for social science. Descriptive statistics, independent sample–test, one way analysis of variance and hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Finally, the variables with p-value less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant. Result: Total 347 adult people attending antiretroviral therapies were participated in the study making a response rate of 96.93%. The mean level of HIV self-management practice was 1.98( ) out of total of scores three. The contextual factors variables were explained 10% of the variance in HIV self-management practice. The variance in self-management was increased by 16%, when processes of self-management variables were added to the model. Adding Intervention related self-management variables were increased additional variance in self-management practice by 2.2%. Conclusion and recommendation: This study indicates that level self-management was relatively low. Gender, HIV clinical stage, numbers of drug used, self-efficacy, confidence in self-management, getting information from health care providers and adequately linked to social network were factors associated to HIV self-management. HIV care providers should give adequate information on HIV to increase their confidence through being adequately linked to social network and enhancing self-efficacy.