Abstract:
Background: Effective self-management is important to manage HIV and had a central role
to achieve optimal medication adherence. But evidence of self-management practice did not
get attention among adult people living with HIV and attending antiretroviral therapy in
resource constraint setting.
Objectives: To assess self-management and associated factors among adult people attending
antiretroviral therapy at public health institutions found in Ilu Aba Bor Zone, Oromia,
Ethiopia, 2021.
Methods: An Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 358 adult
people living with HIV attending antiretroviral therapy at public health institutions of Ilu Aba
Bor Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia from August 1 to September 1, 2021. Data were collected using
structured questionnaire of HIV self-management scale through face to face interview, and
entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to statistical package for social science.
Descriptive statistics, independent sample–test, one way analysis of variance and hierarchical
multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Finally, the variables with
p-value less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant.
Result: Total 347 adult people attending antiretroviral therapies were participated in the
study making a response rate of 96.93%. The mean level of HIV self-management practice
was 1.98( ) out of total of scores three. The contextual factors variables were explained
10% of the variance in HIV self-management practice. The variance in self-management was
increased by 16%, when processes of self-management variables were added to the model.
Adding Intervention related self-management variables were increased additional variance in
self-management practice by 2.2%.
Conclusion and recommendation: This study indicates that level self-management was
relatively low. Gender, HIV clinical stage, numbers of drug used, self-efficacy, confidence in
self-management, getting information from health care providers and adequately linked to
social network were factors associated to HIV self-management. HIV care providers should
give adequate information on HIV to increase their confidence through being adequately
linked to social network and enhancing self-efficacy.
