Prevaelence Of Diarrheal Disease And Associated Factors Among Under Five Children Of Model And Non Model Households In Dire Enchini Woreda, Oromia,Ethiopia,202

Abstract

Background; Worldwide diarrheal diseases are the second leading causes of death in under- five children. In Ethiopia diarrhea kills half million under five children every year second to pneumonia, poor sanitation, unsafe water supply and inadequate personal hygiene are responsible for 90% of diarrhea occurrence. These can be easily improved by health promotion and education. As a strategy of the health extension program, house-holds have been graduated as model families after training and implementing the intervention packages. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea disease among under-five children in model and non -model households in Dire Enchini District, 2023. Method: A Community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 282 model and non-model households of Dire Inchini Woreda. Data were collected using systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. The data were entered into EPI-data version 3.1 Software and exported into SPSS version 21 for further analysis. Descriptive statistic related to outcome and independent variables were computed, and displayed by texts, tables and figures. Analytical components were done by bi-variate and multi variable binary logistic regression analysis to see the relationship between variables. Factors with P-value <0.25 in bi-variate analysis was entered into multivariate logistic regression model to control the effect of confounding factors. Odd ratio with 95% confidence level was computed and statistically significant variables were declared at P-value of 0.05 on the final model. Result: Diarrheal disease in under-five children from those living in model families was 16(11.6%) with 95%CI: 6.8-18.1% and 30(21.6%) 95%CI: 15.1-29.4% to the non-model families. In non-model families: fathers learned secondary and above education level(AOR=0.39;95%CI=(0.199,0.78),vitamin supplementation (AOR=0.21;95% CI=(0.07,0.69)water source protection(AOR=0.09; 95% CI=(0.02,0.50), feces occurrence around latrine(AOR=7.53; 95%CI=(3.7,15.32) were found determinant factors of diarrhea. Health extension model families training and follow up programs are needed to be expanded for non-model families.

Conclusion: The prevalence of diarrhea was higher in non-model families than model families. The level of diarrhea disease variation was well explained by father education level Father learned primary and below were higher compared to learned secondary and above, Children feed by bottle were more likely getting diarrhea diseases than those feed by hand. Vitamin A supplementations, water source protection, feces occurrence around latrine were found to be determinant factors of diarrheal diseases. Thus, encouraging families to being model families for enhancing community based behavioral change communication emphasize on supplementation of vitamin A , source of water protection, proper faces disposed should be strengthening to reduce childhood diarrhea.