Abstract:
This study assesses the effect of rapid urbanization on the provision of basic services in Melka Nono Subcity, oromiya region. The research aims to explore how urban expansion affects essential services such as housing, water supply, sanitation, waste management, and institutional governance. The study utilized a purposive sampling technique to select a total sample size of 60 participants, including 30 residents, 20 local business owners, and 10 municipal officials. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis involving these stakeholders A descriptive research design was employed, integrating both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Data were gathered through surveys, interviews, and document analysis involving residents, business owners, and government officials. The findings reveal significant challenges, including inadequate housing, limited water access, insufficient waste management services, and weak institutional coordination. Despite some progress in policy implementation, issues like transparency and responsiveness remain critical concerns. The study recommends strengthening institutional frameworks, improving inter-agency collaboration, enhancing service monitoring systems, and fostering community engagement for sustainable urban development
