Abstract:
This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the practices and challenges of domestic adoption in West Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia. The primary objective is to explore the adoption practices and identify the key challenges faced by stakeholders involved in the process. The research employs an exploratory qualitative design, using key informant interviews, observations, and document reviews as data collection methods. The collected data were transcribed, coded, and organized into thematic categories to provide a detailed analysis of the findings.
The study reveals that domestic adoption in the region is shaped by various enabling factors, such as the opportunity to adopt without payment, government initiatives to support adoption, and the cultural practice of Guddifachaa (fosterhood). Additionally, the availability of adoption agencies, accessible child care centers, and a clear legal framework facilitate the adoption process.
The findings reveal that despite efforts to promote domestic adoption, the process is impeded by deeply rooted cultural stigmas, low public awareness, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and limited institutional resources. Challenges such as inconsistent application of policies and a shortage of trained personnel further hinder the effectiveness of adoption services.
The study concludes by recommending strengthened policy implementation, capacity building for professionals, and community sensitization initiatives to support and expand domestic adoption practices. This research contributes valuable insights for improving child welfare systems and promoting the best interests of children within Ethiopia
