Abstract:
Background: Anemia is one of the most common comorbidities frequently seen in admitted patients.
Admitted patients with severe anemia are at increased morbidity, mortality, as well as length of hospital
stay. Despite this there is limited research on prevalence, the morphologic characteristics and associated
factors of anemia among hospitalized patients in west shoa, Ambo, specifically Ambo university referral
hospital. Determining the magnitude, morphologic characteristics and associated factors of anemia can
provide valuable insights into the underlying etiology and guide appropriate management strategies.
Objective: To assess "the magnitude of anemia, its morphologic characteristics and associated factors
among Adult patients admitted to Ambo university referral hospital, medical ward, 2024.
Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 randomly selected Admitted
adult patients to Ambo university referral hospital, medical ward. Data were collected from patient chart
using structured check list. After data cleaning, coding and verification, then, data were entered into EPI
info version 3.5.3 and then transferred to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Frequency, percentages, tables, and
figures were used to describe categorical variables. Bivariable logistic regression analysis was employed,
and the Crude Odds Ratio (COR) with 95% CI was computed to analyze the relationship between each
independent variable and the outcome variable. Variables with p-values less than 0.25 were included for
multivariable logistic regression analysis. The level of statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05
Results. The overall Magnitude of anemia among admitted patients was 46.1 %(95% CI=40%,50%)
.Mild, moderate and severe anemia accounted for 17.9%, 22.5% and 5.7% respectively.
Morphologic classification of anemia demonstrated, 38.2% were normocytic normochromic 6.7%,
were microcytic hypochromic and 1.78% was macrocytic normochromic anemia. Admitted
patients with a diagnosis of CKD were 8.79 times more odd to develop anemia than who didn’t had
CKD (AOR = 8.79, 95% CI = 3.17-24.33(P=0.00). Patients admitted with TB were 3.62 times
more odd (AOR=3.62, 95%CI=1.70-7.66(P=0.001) to develop anemia than those who did not had
TB. Patients in age group 45-54 had 64% decrease in odd of anemia than other age group
(AOR=0.36, 95%CI=0.13-0.95(P=0.04)
Conclusion. In our study the magnitude of anemia among admitted patients was severe significant
health problem. Indicating a need for routine screening for all admitted patients. But special attention
has to be given to a patient who having, CKD and Tuberculosis
