Determinants Of Soil And Water Conservation Practices By Smallholder Farming Households; The Case Of Welmera District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

Soil erosion is one of the most severe environmental problems in Ethiopia. Achieving sustainable pathways out of land degradation problems and poverty requires the active participation of people in soil and water conservation (SWC) practices. The main purpose of the study was to assess the perceptions and determinants of SWC practices by smallholder farming households in West Shoa Zone Welmera District. The study collected primary data from 138 households using a questionnaire schedule. The collected data analyzed using frequency, percent, and a binary logistic regression model. The study showed even though farmers in Bonayyaa watershed are well aware of the problems of soil erosion and started using SWC structures in their farm plots; most SWC structures were not regularly maintained. A binary logistic regression model was used to analysis the main factors with regard to the practices. It was found from the analysis that educational level, land security, SWC training, and extension contact are positively and significantly influencing farmers’ decision to adopt improved SWC practices. Thus, it was recommended that there should be a continuous awareness creation mechanism and development agents follow up process on the proper management of the structures. Finally, appropriate technologies should be developed and integrated with local/traditional practices that could be effective in conservation practices