Abstract:
Background: Isolated oligohydramnios (IO) is a condition in which amniotic fluid in a single deepest pocket measures <2cm or amniotic fluid index ≤5cm, not associated with any of maternal risks. IO may increase the risk of cesarean delivery and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The maternal and adverse perinatal effect of labor induction in women with IO in pregnant women in Ethiopia and East Africa is not well known and there is dilemma for deciding mode of delivery.
Objective: To assess magnitude and associated factors of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome of induced labour among term pregnant women with isolated oligohydramnios in public hospitals of Ambo town, 2024
Methods: Hospital based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from May 24 to August 24, 2024 among 194 pregnant women with IO who were admitted for labor induction and 387 who were low risk laboring women, with ratio of 1:2. Purposive sampling method was used for IO group and lottery method used for the other group. Perinatal outcomes were observed during, intrapartum period, upon and after discharge. Questionnaire was pretested. Data collected with Kobo Toolbox was exported to SPSS Version 26, checked for internal reliabilities before data analysis. Chi-Square, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done. A 95% CI and P value < 0.05 was used.
Result: Caesarean delivery rate is similar between the groups:10.75% in IO and 12.27% low-risk mothers who came with spontaneous labor and rate of instrumental vaginal delivery is increased at 95% CI and p-value of 0.03. Composite adverse perinatal outcome occurred slightly in larger proportion in IO group:28.5% in this group and 21.9% in non-oligohydramnios group the difference is not statistically significant at 95% CI. No predictors were found for adverse perinatal outcome and maternal age and occupation are predictors mode of delivery among term pregnant women induced for IO.
Conclusion: Labor induction for IO is not associated with significant increase in magnitude of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Maternal age and occupation are predictors mode of delivery among mothers with IO. Labor induction should be done for all patients with IO in the absence of contraindications
