Magnitude of Under nutrition and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women at Public Facilty In Toke Kutaye, West shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background; Undernutrition is the result of inadequate intake of food in terms of either quantity or quality, poor utilization of nutrients due to infections or other illnesses, or a combination of these immediate causes or lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough food, not eating enough food containing substances, and other direct and indirect causes, necessary for growth and health. Despite different polices and strategies implemented and studies done on undernutrition among pregnant women, still there is high prevalence of undernutrition in pregnancy women in Ethiopia. This study was identified the magnitude and associated factors among pregnant women in study area. Objective To determine the magnitude of under nutrition and its associated factors among Pregnant Women at Public Health Facility in Toke Kutaye District , West Shoa Zone , Oromia , Ethiopia, 2024 Method and Materials; Facility based cross-sectional study design was carried out from May 15/2024 July 15/ 2024 among 271 pregnant women. The study participates were selected by systematic random sampling methods from antenatal care clinic of four Health center and one primary Hospital found in Toke kutaye district Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data and Mid upper arm Circumference was measured to assess the magnitude of undernutrition among the participates . The data were cleaned ,coded and entered to Epidata version 4.7 and then export to SPSS version 27.0 fo analysis . Descriptive and inferential statistics was used. Bivariables and Multivariable Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors considering adjusted odd ratio at P-value <0.05 to measure the strength of association between dependent and independent variables. Result. The magnitude of undernutrition among pregnant women was found to be 20.3% (95% of CI:15.7%,25.6%),Age at first pregnancy below eighteen[(AOR =5.88 95%CI(1.918-18.04)],Family size 4- 6(AOR 6.07 95%CI(1.583-23.255) and >6 (AOR 8.35 95%CI (1.806 - 38.70) , low food dietary diversity (AOR 9.07,95% IC(2.703-30.42)and not dewormed (AOR 3.53, 95%CI (1.12-11.16) were factors significantly associated with undernutrition. Conclusion and Recommendation;; This study revealed the magnitude of undernutrition in pregnant women is 20.3%. Factors associated with undernutrition were family size 4-6 an >6,age at firs pregnancy below eighteen ,low food dietary diversity and not dewormed were potentials predictors of under nutrition in pregnancy . Recommended was given to supplement deworming during pregnancy , give appropriate advice on dietary diversity for pregnant women, delay early pregnancy and limit family size by promotion family planning from health professional at all primary health care and community level were recommended .