Magnitude Of Diabetic Foot Ulcer And Associated Factors Among Adult Diabetic Patients On Follow Up At Public Hospitals In East Shoa Zone Ethiopia, 2024

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot ulceration is one of the commonest complication of diabetes mellitus contributing to significant number of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients, and enormous economic loss to families and country. It’s a major Cause of Hospitalization in diabetes and leading cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputation. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer and associated factors among adult diabetic patients on follow up at Public Hospital in East Shoa zone, Ethiopia, 2024 Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult diabetic patients on follow up at public Hospitals in East Shoa zone, Ethiopia. The study was carried out from January 20 to February 20, 2024. Patient record review and Interviewer administered questionaries’ was used to collect data from the study subject. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 278 study participants. The collected data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with diabetic foot ulcer. A variable having a p value of <0.25 in the bivariable analysis was considered for multivariable analysis. Variable having association was declared at 95% confidence interval as significant with a p value of <0.05. Result: The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer was 31(11.4% with 95% CI: 7.8%,15.7%) among study participants. Presence of nail deformity (AOR=3.957; P=0.000 95% CI:2.296, 6.819), smoking cigarette (AOR=4.838; P value=0.001 95% CI: 1.946, 12.024), type of diabetic mellitus (AOR=4.628 P=0.005 95% CI: 1.594, 13.440), physical exercise (AOR= 0.149, P= 0.018 95%; CI:0.031, 0.718) and inspecting foot daily (AOR=5.988 P=0.013 95% CI:1.456,24.62) were independent predictors of diabetic foot ulcer. Conclusion: The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer was low when compared with referenced literature. Presence of nail deformity, smoking cigarette, type of diabetic mellitus, physical exercise and inspecting foot daily were significantly associated with diabetic foot ulcer. Providing health education that emphasize on daily inspection of feet, stop cigarette smoking and participating regular in exercise was crucial.