Determinants Of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positive Among Women Who Gave Birth In West Shewa Public Health Facilities Oromia, Centeral Ethiopia, 2024

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus is a major public health problems globally and the most affected population live in Africa and Western Pacific. Most of these diseases burden results from infections acquired during pregnancy, delivery, and post-natal or early-childhood. Although different studies have been done, there was a design and practical gaps. Objectives: To assess determinants of hepatitis B surface anti-gene positive among women who gave birth in West Showa public health facilities. Methods: An institutional based unmatched case control study was conducted in west Showa public health facilities from April to June 30/2023.A total of 324 study participants (81 cases in consecutively and 243 controls by simple random sampling) were selected among women who gave birth from list of registry. The data were collected via pre-tested and structured face-to-face interview questionnaire and were entered in to Epidata manger (v4.6.04), then exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Descriptive statistics analysis was done. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the determinant factors among dependent and independent variables. In the final models output, P-value of 0.05 was used to declare significance of determinants among women who gave birth at95% confidence level. Result: The findings of this study revealed that the urban residence[AOR,1.09,95%CI,0.31–3.80],Gestational age at 28-37& 38-42 interval [AOR.5.70,95%CI,2.39.–13.63] and [AOR.10.7,95% CI, 2.36.–48.50] pv-<0.02, a history of un safe abortion [AOR,2.91,95%CI, 1.40–6.04] PV<0.004 , history of having multiple sexual partners [AOR,6.91,95% CI,2.81–17.00] PV<0.001,history of contact with HBV infected person in the family [AOR,11.09, 95%CI,4.83–25.43] PV-<0.001, history of alcoholic drinking [AOR,5.50 ,95% CI (2.68-11.39)]PV-<0.001, history shared sharp materials [AOR,3.13,95%CI,1.26–7.76] PV-<0.001 were statistically significant association with HBV infection among women who gave birth . Conclusion: Determinants such as history of Urban residence, history of Gestational age, history of unsafe abortion, a ‘history of having multiple sexual partners, a history of contact with an Hepatitis B Virus-infected person in the family, a history of alcoholic drinking, and a history of shared sharp materials were independent predictors of Hepatitis B Virus infection among women who gave birth in West Showa Health facilities. Therefore, an intervention for Hepatitis B Virus tests and its case management targeting determinants to control the transmission of virus in this population during pregnancy, delivery, and post-partum states