Phytochemical Investigation and Determination of Antibacterial Activities of the Leaves Extracts of Jasminum Grandiflorum (Tinbelel)

Abstract

Jasminum grandiflorium leaves of a plant that is known to possess different therapeutic values including antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Medicines from plants contributed largely to human health. The aim of this study was designed to the phytochemical screens, isolate, elucidate the structure and antimicrobial activity in methanol crude extracts, chloroform crude extract and n-hexane crude extracts of the Jasminum grandiflorium leaves extract to support its utilization in traditional medicine. The medicinal plants are useful for healing as well as for curing of human diseases because of the presence of phytochemical constituents. Air dried and powdered Jasminum grandiflorium leaves of plant (0.5kg) was extracted from 900ml of 99% methanol 1000ml chloroform and 1200ml n-hexane. After the removal of the solvent 52.9g , 55.72g and 49.8g of crude extract was obtained respectively. The crude extracts were investigated for antibacterial screening by agar well diffusion method against two Gram negative (Salmonella typhii and Escherichia coli), two Gram positive (Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Antibacterial activity of each crude extract was tested. Methanol extract of Jasminum grandiflorium would have good potency against antibacterial activity due to the presence of good inhibition zone relative to chloroform and ciproflaxin positive control. In phytochemical test of the sample, alkaloids, steroids terpenoid, phenols, glycoside, tannins, flavonoids showed positive result for all crude extracts but saponines was showed negative result for methanol and chloroform crude extract and showed positive result for n-hexane crude extracts. The methanol extract was further extracted using column chromatographic techniques and characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, 1H-NMR 13C-NMR and DEPT-135 spectroscopy. The structure of the compound was recognized by using spectroscopic techniques and the compound is identified most probable as methyl 4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-((3,4,6-trihydroxy-5-((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6- (hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H pyran-2-carboxylate