Practices and Challenges of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) Implementation in Ambo Town, West Shewa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Global adoption of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean water and Sanitation) masks challenges translating universal access aims into local action. In Ethiopia, baseline status shows major gaps remain around safe sanitation coverage and reliable water supply. This study analyzed the practices, awareness, and challenges faced by households towards progressing on SDG 6 in Ambo Town. A cross-sectional survey using structured questionnaires was conducted with 155 households in Ambo Town. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential tests. High reliance on basic sanitation facilities persists, contrasting with good drinking water infrastructure access afflicted by frequent supply interruptions. Awareness of SDG 6 is limited to 24.5% of respondents. Key barriers include affordability issues, lack of awareness, and environmental problems. Findings underscore need for integrated interventions spanning infrastructure upgrading, financial access, behavior change communication, and environmental resilience. Implementing tailored awareness-raising, targeted subsidies, strengthened infrastructure, and participation mechanisms while tracking indicators over time can support localized SDG 6 achievement