Abstract:
Background: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major global public
health issue that affects millions of people each year. It is Africa‟s second-biggest cause of
morbidity and mortality, the fourth major cause of death overall, and the fifth leading cause of
death from infectious diseases worldwide. The vast majority of HIV-positive people live in low and middle-income nations. The HIV epidemic, often known as AIDS, varies widely from nation
to country and region to region, but it is particularly severe in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially
Ethiopia, which accounts for more than two-thirds of the world‟s HIV load.
Objective; this study aimed to assess HIV preventive behaviors and its associated factors among
15-49 years age group at Arada sub city Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023.
Methods; Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arada sub city, Addis
Ababa from March 1-March 30, 2023. By using systematic random sampling technique, a total
of 603 participants were selected. A structured questionnaire was developed from different
literature. The data collection tool consisted of the six sections. The collected data were entered
into Epi info 7 and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable binary
logistic regression were conducted. All variables having p-value of less than 0.25 in binary
logistic regression entered into multiple logistic regressions. A p value of less than 0.05 was
considered significance association for HIV preventive behaviors.
Result: A total of 599 participants aged 15-49 years were included in the study making a
response rate of 99.33%. The prevalence of good HIV preventive behavior among study
participants was 58.4%, 95% CI (54.5–60.4%). Factors associated with good HIV preventive
behavior were male Sex (AOR=3.6, 95% CI: 2.21, 5.80), age 15-24 years age group (AOR =
0.14, 95% CI = 0.07, 0.25), got formal educational (AOR=2.31, 95%CI= 1.09, 4.87) alcohol
consumption (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.75), high perceived threat for HIV (AOR = 1.64,
95% CI: 1.02, 2.64) and high self-efficacy (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.83, 5.23).
Conclusion: Only about 58.4% of 15-49 years age group in the study area was practiced HIV
preventive behaviors. Sex, age, educational status, alcohol drinking; perceived threat and self efficacy have significant effect on the behavior related with HIV prevention.
