Determinants Of Cryotherapy Utilization Among Cervical Cancer Screened Positive Women In Public Health Facilities Of West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Cryotherapy is the most cost-effective and feasible approach to treating precancerous cervical lesions. In spite of this, cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer related morbidity and mortality in developing countries. There was very low adherence to utilize cryotherapy in Ethiopia as well as in West Shoa Zone. Objective: To identify determinants of cryotherapy utilization among cervical cancer screened positive women in public health facilities of West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: Facility-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted among 297 study participants, cases (n=74) and controls (n=223) in public health facilities of West Shoa Zone from September 1 to November 30, 2022. The cases were cervical cancer positive women who unutilized cryotherapy and the controls were cervical cancer positive women who utilized cryotherapy. The study participants both cases and controls were selected by consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected using pretested semi-structured interviewers assisted questionnaire. Then the coded data was entered into Epi data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26.0 for analysis. All independent variables with p-value < 0.25 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 was declared as significant determinants. Results: A total of 74 cases and 223 controls were included in the study. No formal educational (AOR = 6.70, 95% CI: 2.40, 18.72), being single (AOR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.12, 8.45), Having <3 children (AOR = 6.10, 95 % CI: 2.38, 15.63), poor knowledge on cervical cancer (AOR = 5.16, 95% CI: 1.98, 13.31), unfavorable attitude on cervical cancer (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.13, 6.83), not well counseling (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.41, 6.33) and unsatisfied on screening (AOR = 4.51, 95% CI: 2.03, 10.05) were found to be determinants of not to utilized cryotherapy. Conclusion and Recommendations: No formal educational, being single, having children less than three, poor knowledge on cervical cancer, unfavorable attitude on cervical cancer, not well counseling and unsatisfied screening were found to be determinants of not to utilized cryotherapy. Strengthening the provision of health education on cervical cancer pre and post treatment, and comprehensive counseling are very essential.