Phytochemical Investigation, Evaluation Of Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activities Of Leave Of Dodonaeaangustifolia

Abstract

Medicinal plants contain a wide range of secondary metabolites that can be used to treat chronic illnesses as well as infectious diseases. Such natural sources can be a well-intentioned starting point in the search for new drugs since they are rich in phytochemicals that may possess antimi crobial and antioxidant activity. Infectious and inflammatory diseases are still a growing public health concern worldwide, especially with the emerging challenge of drug resistance to the cur rent drugs. Thus, the objective of this study was to isolate, characterize and evaluate the antimi crobial and antioxidant activities of bioactive natural products from the leaf extract of Dodo naeaangustifolia. The plant material was collected, air dried, and powdered using the grinding machine, it was then subjected to successively extraction with n-hexane, chloroform, and metha nol using the maceration technique meanwhile it was concentrated by rotary vapor. The crude extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial against different bacterial strains S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli, and K. pneumonia. The chloroform extract has shown superior activities against all the strains. with the observed inhibition zone diameter 23, 20.5, 16.5, and 12 mm against S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli, and K. pneumoniaand the antioxidant activity was evalu ated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), The results showed that the methanol extract of the leaves exhibited the highest antioxidant activity of (82.78%) in DPPH. Based on their phytochemical screening and antibacterial test the chloroform extract was subjected to fractionation using Column Chromatography over silica gel. It was eluted with n-hexane con taining increasing amounts of ethyl acetate and has resulted in compounds denoted as DA1, DA2, DA3, and DA4. Among these the pure compound DA3 was characterized by using the spec troscopic technique ( 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and, DEPT-135,FTIR and GC-MS), and the proposed structure of the compound DA3 was β–Stigmasteryl(9Z, 12Z) - pentadeca-9,12-dienoate and The compounds obtained from chloroform crude extracts of Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis werePinene, Camphene, β-Pinene, β-Myrcene, α-Phellandrene, 3-Carene, p-Cymene, β Phellandrene, γ-Terpinene, P-Cymene, Linalool, Benzene, 1,2,3,5- tetramethyl, Isoborneol, Ter pinen-4-ol, 2-Hexadecanol, α-Terpineol, 2-Butanone, 4-phenyl-, α-Copaene, Caryophyllene, γ Muurolene, di-t-butyl-phenol, γ-Cadinene, δ-Cadinene, 1-Hexadecanol, Isoaromadendrene epox ide, γ-Muurolene, 1-Octadecanol, Neophytadiene, Methyl 10,11- tetradecadienoate and Hexa decanoic acid.