Assessment And Mapping Of Landslide Hazard And Its Impacts On Environment And Socio-Economic In Tokke Kutaye District, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Assessment and mapping of landslide hazard and its impacts on environment and socio-economic in Tokke Kutaye district pose complex problems. To solve these problems, numerous approaches, such as data analysis, physical and biological landslide hazard treatment have been implemented further. However, all the available methods for watersheds landslide trend mapping assessments have some uncertainties due to a lack of knowledge and variability. Both primary and secondary data were used to collect data for this study, and the combination included development agents, experts (using semi structured interview schedule, key informant interviews and focused group discussion). Focused group discussions were used to collect qualitative information related to landslides hazard problems taking mitigation measures, management and about protection practices accessibility and affordable technology. Maps of the three watersheds were extracted from the field data. Employing these from the imagery and field data that prepared maps were representing each watershed. Finally, the landslide trend maps of the area were prepared. As investigated from field focused group discussion and interviewed. The change in landslide rate was a direct result of significant modifications and changes of cover in the catchment. The last image data analysis of 2021 for this study was combined with information from respondents as the population of the watershed shows an increment, the area of all watersheds have been still showed an increment from 558.047 to 1527.23 hectares in kile (chancho obi) watersheds, from 375.705 to1062.79 hectares in godashimela watersheds and from 242.151to 667.916 hectares in kolba watersheds; In the year between (1991- 2021) as the whole. Logistic regression model showed that the, water source, soil type, rainfall, were among the major factors that positively and significantly influenced landslide in the study area. Whereas, Topography, land use system, deforestation and improper soil and water conservation structure construction practices negatively influencing landslide in the study area. From the result of the survey, it was possible to conclude that Topography, land use deforestation, and improper soil and water conservation structure construction practices were the major factors that influencing landslide in the study area. This study recommended that considerable attention should be given to improve the livelihoods of the watershed community to restrain further expansions of cultivation and thereby would reduce its subsequent effects on environment and socio-economy of farmers living in the watersheds to decreases the speed of landslide damage.