Abundance and Anti-Microbial Activities Flavonoid and Phenol Producing Polypore Mushroom from Ambo University Main Campus

Abstract

Polyporales are known to produce a variety of metabolites that are employed as functional foods, food supplements, and cosmetics and also as anti-cancer, antimicrobials, antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, wound dressing, fire starting, antiaging, etc. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate polypore mushrooms and evaluate the anti-microbial activities of some metabolites from these groups of fungi. The polypore used in this study was collected from Ambo University's main campus. Different mycological media were used to cultivate the mycelia of various polypore fungi. After extracting the various metabolites by different solvents, the presence and quantity of each metabolite were quantified. Total antioxidant, flavonoids, and phenolic content were measured using established procedures from metabolites extracted using different solvents. The antibacterial activity of various metabolites extracted from mycelia culture and polypore fruiting bodies was assessed using the well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar.All of the quantitative data gathered was examined through a one-way analysis of variance. using the SPSS statistical software for Windows version 25. The findings of this investigation revealed the presence of a wide variety of polypore fungi in the study area. The different mycological media tested had a substantial impact on the growth of the different polypore mushrooms studied, both in solid and broth culture. From all the media tested malt extract agar stimulated optimal growth of the different polypores studied. The polypore fungi's fruiting bodies had a higher metabolite content than the mycelial culture.At all concentrations tested the metabolite extracted by ethanol from AU 36 mycelia exhibited the maximum activity against S. aureus, (25±2.32 to 4±1.45) cm, but did not affect E.coli or P. aeroginosa. The ethanolic extracts from AU57 mycelia were showed effectiveness to all of the pathogenic bacteria tested, but S.aureus was the most susceptible, followed by P.aeroginosa. Three of the bacterial pathogens tested were found susceptible to the ethanol extracts of mycelia of AU 65, while P. aeroginosa showed complete resistance. Similarily three of the bacterial pathogens tested were found to be susceptible to ethanol extracts from AU73 mycelia while S. aureus showed complete resistance. At all concentrations examined (25±1.32 to 6±0.57) cm, P. areoginosa was found to be extremely susceptible to Ethanol extracts of AU 36 fruiting bodies, however S.aureus demonstrated total resistance to this metabolite. Ethanol extracts from the fruiting body of AU65 showed antimicrobial activities against all the pathogenic bacteria tested. The ethanol extract from the fruiting bodies AU69 showed strong activity against E.coli, while, K. pneumonia showed complete resistance to this metabolite. The methanol extract from Mycelia of AU36 showed activities against three bacterial pathogens tested while K. pneumonia was found to be resistant. The methanol extract from the mycelia of AU 57 did not show activities against three of the pathogenic bacteria tested, while K. pneumonia was found to be susceptible. The methanol extracts from Mycelia of AU65 showed activities against three of the pathogenic bacteria only at higher concentrations while P. aeroginosa showed total resistance. The methanol extracts from the AU 69 mycelia showed activities at all concentrations against P. aeroginosa while K. pneumonia showed complete resistance. The methanol extract from mycelia of AU 73 showed activities at all concentrations against S. aureus while it showed activities at higher concentrations only against the three bacterial isolates. The methanol extracts of AU 36 fruiting bodies showed activities against E.coli and K. pneumonia at three concentrations, while S.areus and P. aeroginosa were found to be susceptible at higher concertation only. Methanol extracts from fruiting bodies AU69 showed strong activities at three levels of concentrations against S. areus and K. pneumonia while E.coli and P. aeroginosa showed resistance at all concentrations tested. The results of this study revealed the availability of polypore fungi in the main campus of Ambo Univesity with a highly diversified metabolite production capability which also showed varied effectiveness against the different human pathogenic bacteria tested.