Medication Adherence And Associated Factors Among Adult Heart Failure Patients Attending Chronic Care At Public Hospitals In West Shoa, Ethiopia, 2023

Abstract

Background: Medication adherence is crucial to controlling symptoms, delaying disease progression, and preventing hospitalization in heart failure. However, poor medication adherence is associated with increased re-hospitalization, morbidity, mortality and increased health care cost. There is a dearth of conclusive information about the level of medication adherence among heart failure patients. Objective: To assess medication adherence and its associated factors among adult heart failure patients attending chronic care at public hospitals in west Shoa, Ethiopia, 2022 Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patient with heart failure had follow up at chronic in west Shoa Hospitals from September 25/2022 – October 25/2022. A total of 385 patients were included in the study and a simple random sampling technique was used to them. Data were collected through interview and chart review using pre tested structured questionnaire and check list respectively. The data were coded, edited, and entered in to Epi-data version 4.6 then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Variables having a p-value of 0.25 in the bivariable analysis were considered as candidate for multivariable analysis. Variables having a p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were considered. The significance of association was determined by adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) and confidence interval at (95%-CI). Result: The study has revealed that 62% patient with heart failure have poor adherence. Females gender (AOR = 0.031, 95 % CI = 0.007, 0.130), Single marital status (AOR = 0.027 95 % CI = 0.002, 0.427), About Wight management (AOR = 10.90 95 %, CI = 1.44, 82.46), Alcohol uses (AOR=5.859, 95% CI= 1.780, 19.287), Avoid eating salt were (AOR = 0.322, 95 %, CI = 0.12-0.96) factors statistically significantly associated with medication adherence. Conclusion: Majority of the study respondents have poor medication adherence and the factors statistically significantly associated with medication adherence among adult heart failure patients are gender, marital states, about weight management , alcohol use and avoid eating salt. Health programs should focus on education including the importance continuous taking drugs and low sodium diet.